Systemic Diseases
Oral Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus
Uncontrolled diabetes produces a spectrum of oral findings; oral health worsens glycaemic control (bidirectional).
§ overviewOverview
Uncontrolled diabetes produces a spectrum of oral findings; oral health worsens glycaemic control (bidirectional).
§ clinicalClinical Features
- 01Periodontitis — the 'sixth complication' of diabetes
- 02Xerostomia, sialosis
- 03Candidiasis (especially denture stomatitis, angular cheilitis)
- 04Delayed wound healing, altered taste
- 05Recurrent oral abscesses
- 06Burning mouth sensation
§ investigationsInvestigations
- 01HbA1c, fasting/random blood glucose
§ treatmentTreatment
- 01Glycaemic control (multidisciplinary)
- 02Aggressive periodontal therapy
- 03Antifungal therapy for candidiasis
- 04Saliva substitutes and stimulants
§ pearlsClinical Pearls
- 01Non-surgical periodontal therapy can reduce HbA1c by ~0.4%.
Draft — pending faculty review. Educational use only; verify against current guidelines and primary sources before clinical application.