Trauma
Mandibular Fracture
Most commonly fractured facial bone after nasal bones. Often multiple fractures due to arch geometry.
§ overviewOverview
Most commonly fractured facial bone after nasal bones. Often multiple fractures due to arch geometry.
§ epidemiologyEpidemiology
Young males, RTA and interpersonal violence.
§ clinicalClinical Features
- 01Malocclusion
- 02Step deformity, mobility, crepitus
- 03Sublingual haematoma (Coleman's sign)
- 04Numbness in mental nerve distribution
- 05Deviation of chin on opening (condylar #)
§ radiographicRadiographic Features
- 01OPG + PA mandible (basic)
- 02CBCT / CT — displacement and comminution
§ classificationClassification
- 01By site: condylar, subcondylar, angle, body, symphysis/parasymphysis, ramus, coronoid, alveolar
- 02By pattern: greenstick, simple, comminuted, compound
- 03Favourable vs unfavourable (muscle pull)
§ treatmentTreatment
- 01Closed reduction: MMF / IMF for minimally displaced, condylar, paediatric
- 02Open reduction & internal fixation (ORIF): displaced, unfavourable, condylar with malocclusion, edentulous
- 03AO/Champy's principles of osteosynthesis
§ complicationsComplications
- 01Malunion / non-union
- 02Infection
- 03IAN paraesthesia
- 04TMJ ankylosis (undertreated condylar #)
§ prognosisPrognosis
Excellent with anatomical reduction and stable fixation.
Draft — pending faculty review. Educational use only; verify against current guidelines and primary sources before clinical application.