Maxillofacial Surgery
Orthognathic Surgery
Surgical correction of dentofacial deformities to restore functional occlusion, facial aesthetics and airway.
§ figuresFigures (2)
Fig. 1Pre and post Orthodontics were done by Dr, Vipin Challiyil and Orthognathic surgery was done by Dr. Aju Ommen .
“Orthognathic surgery” · Challiyan · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Fig. 2Osteotomies of the maxilla and mandible. 1. Lefort I 2. Bilateral sagittal split 3. Genioplasty
“Orthognatic surgery” · Henry Grey · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Verified open-access images only, reproduced for education under their stated licences · no AI-generated or illustrative artwork · Orthognathic Surgery figures pending faculty review.
§ overviewOverview
Surgical correction of dentofacial deformities to restore functional occlusion, facial aesthetics and airway.
§ clinicalClinical Features
- 01Skeletal Class II/III
- 02Facial asymmetry
- 03Vertical maxillary excess/deficiency
- 04Obstructive sleep apnoea
§ investigationsInvestigations
- 01Cephalometrics
- 023D CBCT + virtual surgical planning
- 03Dental models / digital splints
§ classificationClassification
- 01Maxillary: Le Fort I, II, III osteotomies, segmental
- 02Mandibular: BSSO, IVRO, genioplasty
- 03Bimaxillary + genioplasty
§ treatmentTreatment
- 01Pre-surgical orthodontics (decompensation)
- 02Surgery — osteotomies with rigid fixation
- 03Post-surgical orthodontics + retention
§ complicationsComplications
- 01IAN injury (BSSO)
- 02Malunion / relapse
- 03Bad split
- 04Avascular necrosis (Le Fort)
§ prognosisPrognosis
Stable long-term when proper planning + orthodontic detailing.
Draft — pending faculty review. Educational use only; verify against current guidelines and primary sources before clinical application.