Salivary Gland Disorders
Sialolithiasis
aka Salivary duct stone
Calcified concretion within salivary gland ducts; most common disease of salivary glands.
§ overviewOverview
Calcified concretion within salivary gland ducts; most common disease of salivary glands.
§ etiologyEtiology
- 01Salivary stasis + calcium precipitation around organic nidus
§ epidemiologyEpidemiology
Submandibular 80–90% (Wharton's duct), parotid 10–20%, sublingual < 1%.
§ clinicalClinical Features
- 01Meal-time swelling and pain ('sialoadenitis alimentaria')
- 02Palpable stone in duct
- 03Purulent discharge if infected
§ radiographicRadiographic Features
- 01Mandibular occlusal — Wharton's duct stones
- 02Panoramic — submandibular gland stones
- 0380% of submandibular stones are radiopaque
§ ctCT Findings
- 01Non-contrast CT: gold standard for stone localisation
§ treatmentTreatment
- 01Distal stones — intra-oral duct slitting (sialodochoplasty)
- 02Small stones (< 4 mm) — sialendoscopy ± lithotripsy
- 03Chronic hilar/parenchymal stones — gland excision
§ complicationsComplications
- 01Recurrent sialadenitis
- 02Ductal stricture
- 03Gland atrophy
§ prognosisPrognosis
Excellent with appropriate management.
Draft — pending faculty review. Educational use only; verify against current guidelines and primary sources before clinical application.